Leveraging Exercise is Medicine On Campus Programs to Promote Activity to Equity-Deserving Groups
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.15273/hpj.v3i2.11518Mots-clés :
Public Health, University Programs, Physical Activity, Racialized PopulationsRésumé
Despite the well-known benefits of leading an active lifestyle, global adherence to physical activity recommendations is low. Individuals who are from marginalized groups, including racialized populations and those with a low socio-economic status, are more physically inactive compared to those who identify as white or who have a higher income. The differences in physical activity level by socio-demographic characteristics reflect inequitable access to lifestyle resources. Exercise is Medicine On Campus (EIM-OC) is a unique international post-secondary initiative that aims to promote a culture of physical activity and chronic disease prevention and management on university/college campuses and within their local communities. EIM-OC programs currently exist on every continent, with the majority of chapters existing in North America. This provides EIM-OC a unique opportunity to address inequities in physical activity promotion. This commentary provides perspective on traditional EIM-OC program offerings, highlights learnings from the COVID-19 pandemic, and recommends strategies to increase the inclusivity of future physical activity programming.
Références
Amornsriwatanakul, A., Rahman, H. A., Wattanapisit, A., Nurmala, I., de la Cruz, M. H. T. O., Car, J., & Chia, M. (2022). University students‘ overall and domain -specific physical activity during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in seven ASEAN countries. Heliyon, 8(12), Article e12466. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.heliyon.2022.e12466
Beauchamp, M. R., Hulteen, R. M., Ruissen, G. R., Liu, Y., Rhodes, R. E., Wierts, C. M., Waldhauser, K. J., Harden, S. H., & Puterman, E. (2021). Online-delivered group and personal exercise programs to support low active older adults‘ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 23(7), Article e30709. https://doi.org/ 10.2196/30709
Biber, D. D., & Knoll, C. (2020). Exercise Is Medicine on Campus®: A pilot study. Recreational Sports Journal, 44(2), 149–157. https://doi.org/10.1177/ 1558866120964815
Capozzi, L. C., Lun, V., Shellington, E. M., Nagpal, T. S., Tomasone, J. R., Gaul, C., Roberts, A., & Fowles, J. R. (2022). Physical activity RX: Development and implementation of physical activity counselling and prescription learning objectives for Canadian medical school curriculum. Canadian Medical Education Journal, 13(3), 52–59. https://doi.org/10.36834/cmej.73767
Chen, Y., Yue, W., & La Rosa, D. (2020). Which communities have better accessibility to green space? An investigation into environmental inequality using big data. Landscape and Urban Planning, 204, Article 103919. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103919
Courtemanche, C., Garuccio, J., Le, A., Pinkston, J., & Yelowitz, A. (2020). Strong social distancing measures in the United States reduced the COVID-19 growth rate. Health Affairs, 39(7), 1237–1246. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2020.00608
Czwikla, G., Boen, F., Cook, D. G., de Jong, J., Harris, T., Hilz, L. K., Iliffe, S., Lechner, L., Morris, R. W., Muellmann, S., Peels, D. A., Pischke, C. R., Schüz, B., Stevens, M., Telkmann, K., van Lenthe, F. J., Vanderlinden, J., & Bolte, G. (2021). Equity-specific effects of interventions to promote physical activity among middle-aged and older adults: Results from applying a novel equity-specific re-analysis strategy. The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 18, Article 65. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01131-w
de Boer, W. I. J., Mierau, J. O., Schoemaker, J., Viluma, L., Koning, R. H., & Lifelines Corona Research Initiative. (2021). The impact of the Covid-19 crisis on socioeconomic differences in physical activity behavior: Evidence from the Lifelines COVID-19 cohort study. Preventive Medicine, 153, Article 106823. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ypmed.2021.106823
Exercise is Medicine. (n.d.-a). EIM On Campus. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.exerciseismedicine.org/eim-in-action/eim-on-campus/
Exercise is Medicine. (n.d.-b). Exercise is Medicine global presence. Retrieved May 8, 2023, from https:// www.exerciseismedicine.org/eim_map/
Exercise is Medicine. (n.d.-c). What is Exercise is Medicine: A global health initiative. Retrieved May 8, 2023, from https://www.exerciseismedicine.org/about-eim/
Exercise is Medicine. (2019). Exercise is Medicine On Campus action guide. https://www.exerciseismedicine.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/EIM-on-Campus-action-guide.pdf
Gómez-López, M., Gallegos, A. G., & Extremera, A. B. (2010). Perceived barriers by university students in the practice of physical activities. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 9(3), 374–381. https://www.jssm.org/volume09/iss3/cap/jssm-09-374.pdf
Government of Alberta. (2020, June). Opening soon: Alberta‘s relaunch strategy. https://open.alberta.ca/dataset/61f54c09-d6d7-4a12-a5be-0bc663a02c31/ resource/e158ff14-eab7-4f24-94f4-b67c3639d0d5/ download/covid-19-alberta-relaunch-strategy-2020-06.pdf
Government of Ontario. (2021, April 16). Ontario strengthens enforcement of Stay-at-Home order. https://news.ontario.ca /en/release/61192/ontario-strengthens-enforcement-of-stay-at-home-order
Guthold, R., Stevens, G. A., Riley, L. M., & Bull, F. C. (2018). Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: A pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. The Lancet Global Health, 6(10), e1077–e1086. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(18)30357-7
Lagally, K. M., Sherman, J., Amorose, A. J., Rinaldi-Miles, A., & Winters, C. S. (2019). Exercise Is Medicine on Campus programs: A descriptive study. Recreational Sports Journal, 43(2), 106–116. https://doi.org/10.1177/ 1558866119889898
López-Valenciano, A., Suárez-Iglesias, D., Sanchez-Lastra, M. A., & Ayán, C. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on university students‘ physical activity levels: An early systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, Article 624567. https://doi.org/10.3389/ fpsyg.2020.624567
Martinez-Gomez, D., Guallar-Castillon, P., Garcia-Esquinas, E., Bandinelli, S., & Rodràguez-Artalejo, F. (2017). Physical activity and the effect of multimorbidity on all-cause mortality in older adults. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 92(3), 376–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.mayocp.2016.12.004
McEachern, B. M., Jackson, J., Yungblut, S., & Tomasone, J. R. (2019). Barriers and facilitators to implementing Exercise is Medicine Canada on Campus groups. Health Promotion Practice, 20(5), 751–759. https://doi.org/10.1177/ 1524839919830923
Pellerine, L. P., Bray, N. W., Fowles, J. R., Furlano, J. A., Morava, A., Nagpal, T. S., & O‘Brien, M. W. (2022). The influence of motivators and barriers to exercise on attaining physical activity and sedentary time guidelines among Canadian undergraduate students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19), Article 12225. https://doi.org/10.3390 /ijerph191912225
Rapport, F., Hutchings, H., Doel, M. A., Wells, B., Clement, C., Mellalieu, S., Shubin, S., Brown, D., Seah, R., Wright, S., & Sparkes, A. (2018). How are university gyms used by staff and students? A mixed-method study exploring gym use, motivation, and communication in three UK gyms. Societies, 8(1), Article 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc8010015
Rigolon, A., Browning, M. H. E. M., McAnirlin, O., & Yoon, H. (V). (2021). Green space and health equity: A systematic review on the potential of green space to reduce health disparities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), Article 2563. https:// doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052563
Rivera, P. A., Nys, B. L., & Fiestas, F. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 induced lockdown on physical activity and sedentary behavior among university students: A systematic review. Medwave, 21(8), Article e8456. https://doi.org/10.5867/ medwave.2021.08.8456
Saffer, H., Dave, D., Grossman, M., & Leung, L. A. (2013). Racial, ethnic, and gender differences in physical activity. Journal of Human Capital, 7(4), 378–410. https://doi.org/10.1086/671200
Sallis, R. E. (2009). Exercise is medicine and physicians need to prescribe it! British Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(1), 3–4. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2008.054825
Silva, R. M. F., Mendonça, C. R., Azevedo, V. D., Memon, A. R., Noll, P. R. E. S., & Noll, M. (2022). Barriers to high school and university students‘ physical activity: A systematic review. PLOS ONE, 17(4), Article e0265913. https://doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0265913
Stanford, K., Pomeroy, A., Bates, L. C., Tamminga, K., Chai, T., Moore, J. B., Brookey, L., & Stoner, L. (2020). Exercise Is Medicine® on Campus during COVID-19: Necessary adaptations and continuing importance. Translational Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine, 5(12), Article e000157. https://doi.org/10.1249/ tjx.0000000000000157
Thornton, J. S., Frémont, P., Khan, K., Poirier, P., Fowles, J., Wells, G. D., & Frankovich, R. J. (2016). Physical activity prescription: A critical opportunity to address a modifiable risk factor for the prevention and management of chronic disease: A position statement by the Canadian Academy of Sport and Exercise Medicine. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(18), 1109–1114. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096291
Torriani-Pasin, C., Palma, G. C. dos S., Makhoul, M. P., Antonio, B. de A., Lara, A. R. F., da Silva, T. A., Caldeira, M. F., Jàºnior, R. P. A., Domingues, V. L., de Freitas, T. B., & Mochizuki, L. (2021). Adherence rate, barriers to attend, safety, and overall experience of a remote physical exercise program during the COVID-19 Pandemic for individuals after stroke. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, Article 647883. https://doi.org/10.3389/ fpsyg.2021.647883
Wang, Q., & Lan, Z. (2019). Park green spaces, public health and social inequalities: Understanding the interrelationships for policy implications. Land Use Policy, 83, 66–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.landusepol.2019.01.026
Warburton, D. E. R., Nicol, C. W., & Bredin, S. S. D. (2006). Health benefits of physical activity: The evidence. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 174(6), 801–809. https://doi.org/10.1503/ cmaj.051351
Winters-Stone, K. M., Boisvert, C., Li, F., Lyons, K. S., Beer, T. M., Mitri, Z., Meyers, G., Eckstrom, E., & Campbell, K. L. (2022). Delivering exercise medicine to cancer survivors: Has COVID-19 shifted the landscape for how and who can be reached with supervised group exercise? Supportive Care in Cancer, 30(3), 1903–1906. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-021-06669-w