Au-delà  de la binarité : L‘importance de la dimension sexospécifique dans le recrutement et l‘utilisation des enfants

Auteurs-es

  • Nidhi Kapur Proteknôn Foundation. The views expressed within this article belong to the authors alone, and do not necessarily reflect the perspectives of Proteknôn Foundation, Save the Children, or any other agency at which the authors have previously worked.
  • Hannah Thompson Proteknôn Foundation. The views expressed within this article belong to the authors alone, and do not necessarily reflect the perspectives of Proteknôn Foundation, Save the Children, or any other agency at which the authors have previously worked.

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.15273/allons-y.v5i0.10214

Mots-clés :

enfants soldats, enfants face aux conflits armés (CAAC), sexospécificité, non binaire, orientation sexuelle, identité et expression de genre, et caractéristiques sexuelles (SOGIESC), Principes de Vancouver

Résumé

La dimension sexospécifique est importante dans les conflits. Les normes socioculturelles, les attitudes et les attentes liées au sexe dictent les causes, le déroulement et les conséquences de l‘enrôlement d‘enfants comme soldats. Malgré les engagements internationaux, le recrutement et l‘utilisation d‘enfants dans les forces et groupes armés persistent. Le présent document résume les données quantitatives existantes du mécanisme de surveillance et de communication de l‘information des Nations Unies, à  la lumière d‘une analyse qualitative complémentaire provenant d‘autres sources, afin de mettre en évidence les façons dont les normes sexospécifiques peuvent (a) conduire au recrutement, (b) déterminer les rôles et les responsabilités, et (c) influer sur les résultats pour les enfants associés aux forces ou groupes armés. L‘article étudie les besoins et les expériences des filles et des garçons et, lorsque les données le permettent, ceux des enfants ayant une orientation sexuelle, une identité et une expression de genre et des caractéristiques sexuelles (désignées en anglais par l‘acronyme SOGIESC) différentes. Il formule des recommandations sur les mesures éventuelles qui peuvent nuancer davantage la perspective sexospécifique proposée dans les Principes de Vancouver. Il présente des suggestions sur la manière de garantir que les interventions de prévention et de réponse sont (1) soutenues par des données ventilées de manière cohérente, (2) conscientes des facteurs sexospécifiques à  l‘origine du recrutement, et (3) adaptées aux besoins distincts des enfants aux SOGIESC diverses.

Bibliographies de l'auteur-e

Nidhi Kapur, Proteknôn Foundation. The views expressed within this article belong to the authors alone, and do not necessarily reflect the perspectives of Proteknôn Foundation, Save the Children, or any other agency at which the authors have previously worked.

Nidhi Kapur is a child protection, gender and inclusion specialist with over twelve years of field-based experience. Motivated by a strong interest in the complexities of protection programming in conflict and post-conflict zones, she has been deployed to various countries as part of emergency response teams. Nidhi has worked on a multitude of issues with and on behalf of children affected by armed conflict, including on the intersectionality of age, gender and disability in relation to their exposure to violations of their rights. She studied International Relations at the University of Toronto and the London School of Economics. Having lived and worked across the globe, East Africa has been her home since 2008. Nidhi is based full-time in Kigali, Rwanda where she continues her freelance national, regional and international work. 

Hannah Thompson, Proteknôn Foundation. The views expressed within this article belong to the authors alone, and do not necessarily reflect the perspectives of Proteknôn Foundation, Save the Children, or any other agency at which the authors have previously worked.

Hannah Thompson has over twenty year‘s experience supporting child protection, sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV), and education programmes across the globe. She has lived and/or worked in South and Southeast Asia; West, East, Central and North Africa; and the Middle East. Hannah has: supported children associated with armed forces and groups; led case management support for survivors of SGBV; worked with authorities and communities to re-establish and protect schools during conflict; and worked with refugees who are, or identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex to understand their capacities and support needs. Hannah has contributed to and produced numerous flagship reports, publications, and sets of guidance on issues relating to the protection of children. Hannah has a Masters in Anthropology and Development – with a focus on kinship and gender – from the London School of Economics. She currently works out of her home in South West France.

The volume cover showing pink, blue, and yellow silhouettes of children and a soldier against a blue and brown background

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Publié-e

2021-03-31

Numéro

Vol. 5 (2021)

Rubrique

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